Deletion

A deletion, as related to genomics, is a type of mutation that involves the loss of one or more nucleotides from a segment of DNA. This can involve the loss of any number of nucleotides, from a single nucleotide to an entire piece of a chromosome.

Duplication

InversionDuplication, as related to genomics, refers to a type of mutation in which one or more copies of a DNA segment is produced.

Inversion

Changes in the structure of chromosomes may occur by inversion, when a chromosomal segment rotates 180 degrees within the same location.

Insertion

An insertion, as related to genomics, is a type of mutation that involves the addition of one or more nucleotides into a segment of DNA. An insertion can involve the addition of any number of nucleotides, from a single nucleotide to an entire piece of a chromosome.

Translocation

A translocation, as related to genetics, occurs when a chromosome breaks and the (typically two) fragmented pieces re-attach to different chromosomes. The detection of chromosomal translocations can be important for the diagnosis of certain genetic diseases and disorders.