Stratum Corneum

The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis, the top layer of skin. It is made up of flattened, dead skin cells that act as a protective barrier for the body. This layer helps to prevent water loss and protect the skin from harmful environmental factors such as UV radiation and chemicals.

Epidermis

The epidermis is the outermost layer of our skin and is primarily responsible for protecting our body from the environment. It is made up of several layers of cells that provide a barrier against germs, UV rays, and other harmful substances. The epidermis also contains melanocytes, which produce the pigment melanin that gives our skin its color.

Dermis

The dermis is the layer of skin beneath the nail bed. It contains blood vessels, nerves, and specialized cells that help to produce and maintain the nail. The dermis plays an important role in the health and appearance of nails, and damage to this layer can affect the growth and quality of nails.

Adipose Tissue

Adipose tissue, also known as fat, is found in the subcutaneous layer of the skin. It helps to insulate the body, protect organs, and store energy. The thickness of adipose tissue varies from person to person and can affect the appearance of the skin.

Nail Bed

The nail bed is the skin underneath your nail. It contains blood vessels, nerves, and specialized cells that help your nails grow. The pink color of your nails is actually the blood vessels underneath the nail bed.

Free Edge of the Nail

The free edge of the nail is the part that extends beyond the tip of your finger or toe. It is made of a hard, protective protein called keratin. Proper nail care and trimming can help prevent the free edge from becoming brittle or breaking.

Cuticle

The nail cuticle is a thin layer of skin that covers the base of your nails. It helps protect your nails and the surrounding skin from bacteria and infections. It is important to take care of your cuticles to prevent increased risk of infection.

Lunula

The nail lunula is the half-moon-shaped area at the base of the nail. It's actually the visible part of the root of the nail. The lunula is an important part of nail anatomy and can give clues about a person's overall health. Changes in the appearance of the lunula can be a sign of certain health conditions.

Nail Root

The nail root is the area beneath the skin where the nail grows. It contains nerves, blood vessels and is surrounded by the nail matrix. The nail matrix contains specialized cells that produce the nail plate. Damage to the nail root can result in abnormal nail growth or even permanent nail loss.

Nail Plate

The nail plate is the hard, visible part of the nail. It's made up of layers of a protein called keratin. The shape and appearance of the nail plate can be influenced by various factors, such as diet and health conditions. Proper care of the nail plate can help maintain its strength and prevent damage.

Phalanx

Nail phalanx is the bony structure that supports and attaches the nail to the finger. Each finger has three phalanges (distal, middle and proximal). The health of the nail phalanx can affect the growth and appearance of the nail.