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DNA Replication

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DNA Replication

Subject: General Bio

Chromosome

Chromosomes carry genetic info in cells, made of DNA and proteins. Most cells have paired chromosomes from each parent. Genes provide instructions for making important molecules arranged in a specific order on the chromosome at a locus. Chromosomes pass traits between generations.

DNA Template

A DNA template is a molecule used as a blueprint to create a new complementary DNA strand. During replication, original strands separate, and new strands are synthesized using each original strand as a template.

DNA Polymerase

DNA polymerase is an enzyme important for DNA replication and repair. It creates new complementary strands using each original strand as a template.

Helicase

DNA helicase is an enzyme that plays a critical role in DNA replication by unwinding the double helix structure of DNA. During DNA replication, the double-stranded DNA molecule is unwound by DNA helicase at the replication fork.

Lagging strand

During DNA replication, the lagging strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork.

Leading strand

During DNA replication, the leading strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized continuously in the same direction as the replication fork.

Replication fork

The replication fork is a Y-shaped structure formed when DNA strands separate. DNA helicase splits strands, enabling DNA polymerase to add nucleotides to form new DNA.

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DNA Replication

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Subject: General Bio

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Chromosome

Chromosomes carry genetic info in cells, made of DNA and proteins. Most cells have paired chromosomes from each parent. Genes provide instructions for making important molecules arranged in a specific order on the chromosome at a locus. Chromosomes pass traits between generations.

DNA Template

A DNA template is a molecule used as a blueprint to create a new complementary DNA strand. During replication, original strands separate, and new strands are synthesized using each original strand as a template.

DNA Polymerase

DNA polymerase is an enzyme important for DNA replication and repair. It creates new complementary strands using each original strand as a template.

Helicase

DNA helicase is an enzyme that plays a critical role in DNA replication by unwinding the double helix structure of DNA. During DNA replication, the double-stranded DNA molecule is unwound by DNA helicase at the replication fork.

Lagging strand

During DNA replication, the lagging strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized in the opposite direction of the replication fork.

Leading strand

During DNA replication, the leading strand is the DNA strand that is synthesized continuously in the same direction as the replication fork.

Replication fork

The replication fork is a Y-shaped structure formed when DNA strands separate. DNA helicase splits strands, enabling DNA polymerase to add nucleotides to form new DNA.

DNA Replication