Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)

RER is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells. It is covered with ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for protein synthesis. RER plays a crucial role in the proper folding and modification of newly synthesized proteins. It aids the proper functioning of organs such as the pancreas, which secretes insulin into the bloodstream.

Ribosomes

Ribosomes are tiny organelles found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. They are responsible for protein synthesis by translating the genetic information stored in RNA into proteins. Ribosomes are composed of two subunits, which come together during protein synthesis and dissociate when the process is complete.