Human Body Overview Study Guide

Introduction

The human body is one single structure that is made of smaller networks. They are grouped hierarchically as systems, organs, tissues, and cells. The organ system performs a complex function, and consists of different organs arranged systematically.

Organs are part of different body systems consisting of various tissues grouping themselves into complex structures that perform one or more simple functions that help complete the organ system’s complex process. Tissues are groups of similar cells that perform a single function that forms an organ together with other tissues.

What are the Systems of the Body?

There are ten different body systems. The central body systems are skeletal, nervous, muscular, endocrine, circulation, digestive, respiratory, reproductive, and urinary.

All the body systems perform one single complex function:

• The reproductive system propagates
• The respiratory system breathes or gas exchange
• The urinary system removes waste products and purifies blood
• The circulatory system maintains the blood flow
• The endocrine system controls the hormonal balance
• The digestive system extracts nutrients from the food consumed
• The muscular system helps in body movement
• The nervous system responds to the environment
• The skeletal system provides support and framework to the human body.

Anatomy of the Human body:

Anatomy refers to the science that elaborates on the inner structure of the human body. The human body is divided into various regions such as the head, neck, chest or thorax, arms or hands, abdomen, legs or limbs, back, and pelvis. These regions constitute the vital organs that perform various functions.

The vital organs located in these regions of the body: the brain in the head, spine in the neck and back, lungs and heart in the thorax, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen and intestines in the abdomen, urinary bladder, kidneys, and uterus or testes in the pelvis.

Source

The body’s anatomy divides the positioning of the organs and their systems in the body based on the direction. Several directions are defined for the human body, as shown in the picture above.

Conclusion:

• The human body is the most complex form of life.
• It can be easily understood by knowing the effective systems that perform the primary functions and locating the vital organs that perform life-sustaining functions.

FAQs:

1. What are the basics of the human body?

The basics of the human body are the microscopic structure, or the fundamental unit of life is the cell that groups into tissues, organs, and organ systems.

2. What are the 7 levels of organization in the human body?

The 7 levels of organization in the human body start from the basic structure of life are: the atom, molecule, organelles, cell, tissues, organ, organ system, and the human organism.

3. What are the 11 major body parts of the human body?

The 11 major body parts of the human body are the brain, heart, lungs, stomach, intestines, kidney, liver, uterus or testes, spine, pancreas, and extremities (arms and legs).

4. What are the 12 systems of the body?

The body’s systems are circulatory, nervous, digestive, respiratory, muscular, reproductive, urinary, skeletal, endocrine, immune, cardiovascular, and integumentary.

5. What are the 78 organs in the human body?

The 78 organs in the human body are:

1. Anus
2. Arteries
3. Appendix
4. Adrenal glands
5. Brain
6. Bones
7. Bronchi
8. Bladder
9. Bone marrow
10. Bulbourethral glands
11. Colon
12. Cervix
13. Clitoris
14. Capillaries
15. Cerebellum
16. Diaphragm
17. Ears
18. Eyes
19. Fallopian tubes
20. Genitals
21. Gallbladder
22. Heart
23. Hair follicle
24. Hypothalamus
25. Interstitium
26. Kidneys
27. Joints
28. Liver
29. Lungs
30. Larynx
31. Ligaments
32. Lymph nodes
33. Large intestine
34. Lymphatic vessel
35. Mouth
36. Mesentery
37. Mammary glands
38. Nose
39. Nails
40. Nerves
41. Nasal cavity
42. Ovaries
43. Esophagus
44. Penis
45. Pancreas
46. Pharynx
47. Placenta
48. Prostate
49. Pineal gland
50. Pituitary gland
51. Parathyroid gland
52. Rectum
53. Skin
54. Spleen
55. Scrotum
56. Stomach
57. Spinal cord
58. Small intestine
59. Salivary glands
60. Skeletal muscles
61. Seminal vesicles
62. Subcutaneous tissues
63. Teeth
64. Tonsils
65. Testes
66. Tendons
67. Tongue
68. Thyroid
69. Trachea
70. Thymus gland
71. Ureters
72. Urethra
73. Uterus
74. Vulva
75. Veins
76. Vagina
77. Vas deferens
78. Vestigial organs

6. What is the largest organ in the body?

Skin is the largest organ in the body. It is evident because it has to cover the entire outer surface of the body.

7. What is the smallest organ?

The pineal gland is the smallest organ in the body that helps in regulating the female reproductive fertility cycles.

8. Which organ of the body works 24 hours?

The brain, the lungs, and the heart are the vital organs of the body that work 24 hours to sustain life.

9. What is skin made of?

The skin is made of cells composed of water, protein, fats, and minerals. The three layers of skin are the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis.

We hope you enjoyed studying this lesson and learned something cool about Human Body Overview! Join our Discord community to get any questions you may have answered and to engage with other students just like you! We promise, it makes studying much more fun!😎

Sources:

1. Review: Introduction to the Human Body. https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/body/review.html#:~:text=The%20human%20body%20is%20a,can%20perform%20a%20special%20function. Accessed 23 Nov, 2021.
2. Anatomy. https://medlineplus.gov/anatomy.html. Accessed 23 Nov, 2021.
3. Human Body. https://flexbooks.ck12.org/cbook/ck-12-biology-flexbook-2.0/section/13.1/primary/lesson/organization-of-the-human-body-bio/. Accessed 23 Nov, 2021.
4. Human Body. https://www.britannica.com/science/human-body. Accessed 23 Nov, 2021.

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